Name the U.S. war between the North and the South.

The American Civil War was a significant armed conflict fought between the Northern states, known as the Union, and the Southern states, known as the Confederacy. The war took place from 1861 to 1865 and had profound consequences for the United States.

The primary cause of the Civil War was the issue of slavery. The Southern states, which relied heavily on slavery for their agrarian economy, sought to preserve and expand the institution, fearing that its abolition would undermine their way of life. The Northern states, on the other hand, were increasingly opposed to slavery, considering it morally wrong and inconsistent with the principles of equality and freedom.

The conflict escalated after Abraham Lincoln, an anti-slavery candidate, won the presidential election in 1860. This led to the secession of several Southern states, forming the Confederate States of America. The war officially began in April 1861 when Confederate forces attacked Fort Sumter in South Carolina.

Over the course of the Civil War, both sides engaged in intense military campaigns and battles across various theaters. The Union army sought to suppress the Confederacy and preserve the Union, while the Confederates aimed to defend their secession and independence. The war saw significant developments in military strategies and technologies, including trench warfare, ironclad ships, and the use of rifled muskets.

The Civil War resulted in a staggering loss of life, with estimates of over 600,000 soldiers and civilians killed. The Union's victory in 1865 led to the abolition of slavery through the Emancipation Proclamation and the ratification of the Thirteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution.

The American Civil War remains one of the most significant events in U.S. history, as it reshaped the nation politically, socially, and economically. It solidified the power of the federal government, abolished slavery, and laid the groundwork for the ongoing struggle for civil rights in the United States.